Incorporating use phase chemical leaching and water quality testing for life cycle toxicity assessment of cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) piping

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is increasingly being considered in material selection decisions for residential drinking water piping, but chemical leaching during the use phase has typically been excluded, even though delivery of safe core function distribution infrastructure. We have quantified contribution leached organics to life human toxicity piping materials through integration empirical data within LCA. Eight cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipe brands were examined. Upstream emissions from PEX production combined with total organic carbon (TOC) tests new pipes. The mass contaminants ingested over pipe's lifetime was estimated by fitting kinetic models and integrating concentrations daily time, rather than using an initial concentration that does not accurately depict actual exposures. Potential ingestion evaluated a range effect factors consensus USEtox model create plausible bounds different exposure scenarios. New non-carcinogenic toxicological derived approximately half 62 compounds identified. Results indicate potential upstream generally exceeds toxicity, can be substantial contributor overall depending on brand, particularly carcinogenic effects. Deleterious effects reduced both thorough system flushing after installation periods stagnation, also improvements manufacturing processes reduce emissions. bounding approach demonstrates viable method considering quality LCA when comprehensive characterization are available.